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The overall objective of this project is to quantify selected forest ecosystem attributes in order to provide a field-based assessment of natural regeneration and overall ecosystem recovery following Mountain Pine Beetle (MPB) disturbance in northern sub-boreal spruce subzones. This objective will be accomplished through the examination of the development of an area attacked by the MPB 40-50 years ago. Our intent is to characterize the amount, quality, and growth rate of natural regeneration as well as the ecological condition and level of ecosystem recovery in these areas. Ecosystem attributes to be assessed will include tree species composition, growth and yield, understory composition, and stand structure. There is currently limited understanding of how longer-term forest dynamics will be affected by the MPB epidemic. Large areas of MPB attacked forests will remain unsalvaged and undergo natural stand development. To ensure sustainable forest management in these unsalvaged areas, and to provide data for projections of future stand development, methods must be found to gather information on (1) the length of the regeneration period, (2) expected growth rates of the new regeneration, (3) release potential of secondary structure (seedlings, saplings and sub-canopy trees expected to survive a MPB attack), and (4) overall stand development. An effective method to acquire such data is to undertake retrospective studies in areas attacked by the MPB in the past. From the late 1950s to the mid-1960s there was a MPB attack in sub-boreal spruce forests northwest of Fort St. James. Extensive pine stands were attacked around the southern end of Takla Lake, specifically along the Kuzkwa River, Bivouac Creek and Sakeniche River. Some 13,000 ha were attacked. Fairly detailed information is available on these attacks form the Forest Insect and Disease Surveys (FIDS) carried out at that time by the Canadian Forest Service. We have compared locations of the outbreaks from FIDS mapping to Google Earth images of the area and determined that extensive areas were not logged. Forests in this area are very similar in species and composition to the current MPB infestation throughout the sub-boreal forests of north central BC. This provides an excellent retrospective sampling opportunity to address many pressing regeneration, growth and yield, and stand dynamics questions currently needing answers in the present MPB epidemic area. Stands affected by the 1950s-1960s Takla Lake infestation have now been recovering from the attack for 40-50 years. We intend to use destructive sampling and stand reconstruction techniques to answer questions around (1) the regeneration delay period, (2) the abundance and size of secondary structure at the time of attack, (3) the release potential of the secondary structure, and (4) subsequent growth rates of all trees. We are especially interested in determining the potential of regeneration and secondary structure for providing mid-term timber supply relief in the present MPB infestation.
, . 2008. Evaluation of regeneration delay, release of advance regeneration, future growth rates, and stand dynamics after a 40-50 year old MPB attack in sub-boreal forests around Takla Lake. Forest Investment Account (FIA) - Forest Science Program. Forest Investment Account Report
Topic: FLNRORD Research Program
Keywords: Forest, Investment, Account, (FIA), British, Columbia
A. Chambers, Canadian Institute of Forestry, Forestry Canada, BC Ministry of Environment, and B. ...
1990
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The overall objective of this symposium was to try to identify factors limiting efforts to integrate the management of forests for both timber and wildlife. The symposium describes initiatives and provides information on topics ranging from policy and administrative issues through the nature of wildlife habitats and their inventory, the synthesis and display of information and a case history of successful integration.
A. Chambers, Canadian Institute of Forestry, Forestry Canada, BC Ministry of Environment, and B. .... 1990. Wildlife Forestry Symposium (A Workshop on Resource Integration for Wildlife and Forestry Managers) Prince George, British Columbia, March 7 and 8, 1990. British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands, Natural Resource Operations and Rural Development. FRDA Research Report. FRR160
A study was initiated in 1986 near Salvus in the Kalum Forest District to determine the effects of silvicultural treatments for the conversion of red alder stands growing on coastal alluvial sites to conifer plantations. One objective of the study was to assess the impact of these treatments on soil properties related to site productivity. Soil samples were taken for chemical analysis and for the determination of bulk density before the application of treatments (1986), one year after treatments (1988), and five years after treatments (1992). The sandy-textured soils at Salvus give it a low compaction hazard rating. Consistent with that, the upper 15-cm layer showed no adverse changes as a result of any of the silvicultural treatments either in 1988 or 1992. It is important to note. however, that on more sensitive sites with finer soil textures and/or on greater slopes. similar blading treatments will result in highly detrimental compaction and surface erosion. Interestingly, density within the 15-30-cm layer increased markedly between 1988 and 1992, with the largest increases observed in the undisturbed standing alder control plots. It is possible that changes in water table levels between 1988 and 1992 and differences in soil climate and vegetation between treated and control plots may be affecting earthworm activity, and indirectly, soil porosity and density. The concentrations of some nutrients (available phosphorus (P), extractable calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and potassium (K)) and soil pH fluctuated significantly from year to year in the undisturbed control plots. While these changes were observed for nutrients in 'available' forms, total nitrogen (N), which occurs primarily in less mobile organic forms, remained relatively stable in the controls from year to year, particularly in the 0-15-cm layer. This suggests the involvement and probable importance on this site of nutrient-rich seepage water. Blading, and blading in combination with seeding with grass and clover resulted in reductions in N, K, and P that were substantial and greater than those observed for any of the other treatments. By 1992, available P and K were still low relative to pre-treatment levels. Total N concentrations had, however, returned to pre-treatment levels in the bladed plots but not in the bladed/seeded plots. Of the silvicultural treatments, burning appeared to have relatively benign effects on soil properties, particularly compared to blading and blading/seeding treatments. There is some evidence of higher concentrations of available K and possibly also P relative to controls in response to burning, probably as a result of the deposition of ash on the soil surface.
A. Macadam, B.A. B!ackwell. 1994. Conversion of Multistoried Brush Fields to Coniferous Plantations - Progress Report for Treatment Effects on Soils: Results of Fifth Year Post-Treatment Sampling. FLNRORD
In a world constantly expanding and eliminating native habitats, small range species are at greater risk of endangerment than those species with larger, more diverse ranges. In order to prevent these species from becoming the next generation of threatened and endangered species, it is integral to know where these species are located, as well as development trends in these same locations. This study has mapped the location of small range species of birds and butterflies on a county scale in the United States and identified those areas with the highest growth rates. Butterfly species occurring in 30 or fewer counties (1% of the total counties in the United States) were chosen as small range species of this taxon, and small range avian species were defined as those with breeding ranges of 50,000 km2 or less. Avian breeding ranges were digitized using geographic information systems and then converted to a county presence/absence scale for comparison with butterfly species...
Abbitt, R.F.. 1999. Geographic Distribution of Small Range Species and Development Patterns in the United States (in Proc. Conference Biology & Management of Species and Habitats at Risk). Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks. Conference Biology & ManagementProceedings. Vol. 1
Topic: Species and Ecosystems at Risk
Keywords: birds, butterflies, ranges, United States, hot spots, conservation
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Other Identifier: University College of the Cariboo
Juvenile steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri) compete for access to space and food, and the distribution of these resources within a population affects the relative growth and survival of individuals. Aggression is a means of competing for these limited resources. This thesis examines the causes of aggression and growth depensation (size divergence) in juvenile steelhead. The sizes of socially isolated juveniles diverged less with time than those of groups of interacting steelhead, although average growth rates were equivalent indicating that the presence of competitors affects relative growth. A behavioural mechanism resulting in unequal food acquisition or growth efficiency is indicated, as rations were in excess of requirements. Size-matched pairs of steelhead established hierarchies in which dominants grew 12.3% faster than subordinates although rations were equal. Therefore, factors other than access to food (possibly stress) play a role in growth depensation. Groups of steelhead grew faster when the inter-
Abbott, Jeremy C.. 1991. Feeding Aggression and Growth in Juvenile Steelhead Trout (Salmo gairdneri). Ministry of Environment. Fisheries Technical Circular. FTC93
Lots, if you’re trying to present global conservation messages
in Calgary! The Calgary Zoo has taken on the many roles of
the new zoo, from international and national conservation
initiatives to educational leadership.
The Calgary Zoo has a large education department, with
11 full-time staff, and over 20 seasonal and part-time staff.
The department has expanded from a staff of 3. The education
department now has staff who work in particular areas,
such as horticulture programs, value-added programs,
revenue-generation programs, Zooschool, docent coordinators,
and audiovisual media specialists.
Ackroyd, Nahanni. 1999. What Do Siberian Tigers and Rocky Mountain Grizzlies Have in Common? (in Proc. Conference Biology & Management of Species and Habitats at Risk). Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks; University College of the Cariboo. Conference Biology & ManagementProceedings
Topic: Species and Ecosystems at Risk
Keywords: Calgary, interpretive programs, zoo
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Scientific Name: Ursus arctos
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English Name: Grizzly Bear
Other Identifier: University College of the Cariboo
In 1998, the Calgary Zoo opened a brand new exhibit, the Northern Forest, as part of our Canadian Wilds area. Animals on display in the Northern Forest include moose, caribou, river otter, beaver, barred owl, lynx, lots of insects, and of course, whooping cranes. The zoo has been part of a captive breeding program for whoopers for several years, and some of the captive birds have not yet selected mates, or cannot to fly properly, so they will probably never be able to breed. It was from these birds that our 2 whoopers were selected for display. With the whooping crane exhibit was a new outdoor amphitheatre that looked into the whooper enclosure, and beyond that, into the moose area.
Ackroyd, Nahanni. 1999. Why Whoop It Up About Whoopers? (in Proc. Conference Biology & Management of Species and Habitats at Risk). Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks; University College of the Cariboo. Conference Biology & ManagementProceedings
The B.C. Ministry of Environment and Parks, in conjunction with the Skagit Environmental Endowment Commission, contracted Acres International Limited to conduct a survey of the users of the Skagit Valley Recreation Area.
Acres International Ltd.. 1988. Skagit Valley User Survey. The Skagit Valley Endowment Commission
Topic:
Keywords: skagit valley, endowment, commission, survey, place of origin, demographics, facilities
The Hemmingsen 2000 road system was constructed +40 years ago using bulldozer construction, as was common during that era. There had been road prism failures in several places along the road system. Prior to this project there was high potential for additional failures in the road prism and downslope. This project involved deactivating a portion of the road system. It was done to improve the road prism and downslope stability, and to return subsurface and surface runoff to pre-road conditions. The Hemmingsen 2000 road system is located on west-aspect mid-slopes above Hemmingsen Creek. Area sediment is comprised of a sandy, silty till with localized rubbly colluvium from debris torrents and debris flows. Along the road system, the tills are present generally as mantles and blankets. This road system is estimated to be +40 years old. Because of the cut and fill dozer construction, used at the time, a number of natural and logging-related landslides had occurred along the road. Several wooden culverts were in imminent danger of collapse, with potential debris flows resulting. The objective of this deactivation work was to return subsurface and surface runoff to its original pattern, and to stabilize the road prisms.
Adams-Hughes, Ken. 2003. Hemmingsen 2000 road system deactivation Hemmingsen Creek Drainage, South Island Forest District: project completion abstract. Forest Investment Account (FIA) - Forest Science Program. Forest Investment Account Report. FIA2003MR105
The Peregrine Falcon (Falco pereqrinus), already a bird of historical and cultural significance, became the focus of world-wide attention after its population began dramatically deceases in the 1950s. Many scientific and naturalist studies followed. The results of those studies, together with the findings of several British Columbia Wildlife Branch surveys, can be applied top Peregrine Falcons in British Columbia and provide a sound basis for the management of the Peregrine Falcon population on the Queen Charlotte Islands. This paper presents that information and framework
Adapted from a Manuscript by W.T. Munro. 1988. Peale's Peregrine Falcon in British Columbia: Status and Management. Ministry of Environment and Parks
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