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Releases of cultured fish into wild populations and their subsequent interbreeding may have genetic effects on natural fish population, but the effects can be complex and unpredictable. The ecological basis for the wide range of outcomes - from no detectable effect to complete displacement is not always clear.
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Author: Jan Heggenes, Mark Beere, Patrick Tamkee, Eric B. Taylor
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Report ID: 57159
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Audience: Government and Public
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Introduced non-native fish may reproduce less
successfully, presumably because they are not well adapted to the new, local environments (e.g. Adkinson 1995, Chilcote et al. 1986, Chilcote 2003, Kostow et al. 2003). In the instances where genetic effects on performance traits have been documented, they mostly appear to be negative and tied to the genetic introgression of non-native and/or hatchery reared fish with the wild
stocks (e.g. Reisenbichler & Rubin 1999, Chilcote et al. 1986, Kostow et al. 2003). Therefore, the precautionary principle ( e.g. Heywood 1995) implies care with respect to the management strategy of stocking fish into wild populations. Conservation-based fish hatchery programmes ensure that the brood stock comes from the local (wild) populations - i.e. they presumably have
the same genetic constitution as the wild fish - and are collected annually in certain numbers to guard against genetic drift (Adkinson 1995, Caughley & Gunn 1996). For the same purpose, the cultured juveniles may be released in small numbers relative to the size of the wild population.
Because of the concern to conserve the population structures and diversity of wild fish stocks, among other things, in the face of demand for hatchery production, an understanding of management regimes which do not result in genetic drift or artificial selection following introduction of animals in natural populations, under particular ecological conditions, is of considerable scientific and management interest ( e.g. Brannon et al. 2004).
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Report Type
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Fish and Aquatic Habitat Information |
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Subject
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Fish Species - Steelhead - Oncorhynchus mykiss |
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Region - Skeena |
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Fish and Fish Habitat - Conservation Biology |
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Fish and Fish Habitat - Fish Inventory |
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Fish and Fish Habitat - Impact Assessment |
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Fish and Fish Habitat - Research |
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Watershed Groups - 910 - North Coast Rivers (North of Cape Caution) |
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