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Report: Quantifying Aquifer-Stream Exchanges Along Bertrand Creek, British Columbia and Washington State, Using a Numerical Groundwater Flow Model
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A steady-state three-dimensional numerical groundwater flow model was developed for the Bertrand Creek Watershed, a transboundary watershed in the Central Fraser Lowlands between British Columbia and Washington State.
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Author: Alexandre Nott and Diana M. Allen
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Date Published: Dec 2020
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Report ID: 59013
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Audience: Government and Public
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This study focuses on the Bertrand Creek Watershed, a transboundary watershed in the Central Fraser Lowlands between British Columbia and Washington State. The purpose of this study was to quantify aquifer-stream exchanges along Bertrand Creek, in order to identify reaches where streamflow drought may occur. A steady-state three-dimensional numerical groundwater flow model of the watershed was developed by refining a pre-existing regional groundwater flow model that encompassed the Abbotsford-Sumas aquifer. Visual MODFLOW Flex v6.1 (Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc.) was used to construct the model. The output from this new model is used to quantify vertical fluxes and volumetric exchanges between streams and the groundwater system under natural (non-pumping) conditions and pumping conditions.
Based on the modelling results, streamflow drought is likely to occur in reaches of Bertrand Creek upstream of Otter Park as a result of the water table being deeper than the ground surface, coupled with the losing nature of the stream in these upstream segments. Groundwater abstraction is likely to exacerbate the losing nature of the stream, due to the sensitivity of the stream to the influence of pumping, increasing the likelihood of drought in Bertrand Creek.
The following recommendations would allow more accurate insight into the dynamics of streamflow drought within the Bertrand Creek Watershed: 1) Extend the use of the steady-state model by using it to map areas where pumping might lead to more or less impact on streamflow; 2) Develop a transient groundwater flow model or an integrated land surface - subsurface flow model to examine seasonal impacts on streamflow; 3) Integrate climate change projections into the model; and 4) Acquire accurate groundwater use and other hydrologic/hydrogeologic data.
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Report Type
Subject
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Region - Lower Mainland |
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Water Information - Groundwater |
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Water Information - Water Management |
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