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In order to establish standards for culvert design and installation to ensure fish passage, a review of existing literature on fish swimming performance in culverts and in conditions resembling those in culverts was undertaken. Measured swimming abilities of game (mainly salmonids) and non-game fish species were taken from many sources. Swimming capabilities at different life-history stages under various physical and chemical conditions were documented. Under proper stimulus (undefined) adult salmon and steelhead (length 63.5-76.2 cm) have travelled distances up to 30.5 m against water velocities near 820 cm/sec. Normally, adult salmon and large trout are capable of negotiating velocities of 370 cm/sec over shorter distance (6.1 m). To ensure fish passage through a culvert, water velocities should be much less than the sustained swimming speed of upstreaming fish for a reasonable length of time. For salmonid under-yearlings, this would definitely be <30 m/sec and nearer 15 cm/sec. Some other important factors
Wightman, J.C., Taylor, G.D.. 1976. Salmonid Swimming Performance in Relation to Passage. Ministry of Recreation and Conservation
Topic: Fish and Fish Habitats
Keywords: culverts, fish, passage, swimming performance, literature review, salmonids
English Name: Rainbow Trout, Pink Salmon, Chum Salmon, Coho Salmon
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